542. Nanopore and Illumina sequencing for pathogen metagenomics and host transcriptomics of cerebrospinal fluid in infantile central nervous system infections

Abstract Background Infantile central nervous system infections (CNSIs) can be life-threatening and severe sequelae observed in encephalitis bacterial meningitis. The causative microorganism is unknown > 40% of patients with aseptic infections. This study aimed to analyze metagenome for detection pathogen, transcriptome host reaction infection a single cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample using two different next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms, Illumina Nanopore. Methods Twenty-eight CNSIs (< 12 months), treated between June 2012 April 2020, were enrolled. A total 49 clinical samples (28 CSF 21 blood) from 28 collected. Extracted RNA, which was obtained 23 sufficient quantities, sequenced both Nanopore platforms compare their performances the pathogens. Human-derived reads subtracted during pathogen used transcriptomic analysis sequencing. All extracted DNA blood, sequencer Data performed on in-house PATHDET pipeline. flowchart Pathogen pipeline by secondary outputs. Results RNA cases revealed potential viral pathogens 10 cases: coxsackievirus B5 (4 cases), B4 (3 B2 (1 case), echovirus E7 human parechovirus 3 case). sequencing, Proteus mirabilis case, consistent culture test) parvovirus B19 case) detected. results consistent. However, mapping coverage depth detected genome superior that MX1, ISG15, OAS1 differentially expressed genes identified via metagenomic NGS, associated antiviral roles innate immunity. pie chart candidates DNA/RNA workflows. Performance output, 100,000 randomly original reads, mapped reference determine (A) (B) depth. Volcano plot all analyzed plots showing identified-pathogen unidentified-pathogen Conclusion use diagnostics should help understand immune responses CNSI could shed light pathogenesis these Disclosures Authors: No reported disclosures.